BDSM and bondage

His provocative films like 'Salò' explicitly explore power dynamics, restraint, and transgressive human behavior through controversial visual narratives.

His body horror and psychological thrillers frequently examine control, violation, and the intersection of pain with desire in works like 'Crash' and 'Videodrome'.

His films such as 'Antichrist' and 'Nymphomaniac' explicitly engage with sexuality, suffering, and the complex dynamics between dominance and submission.