Tracing the thread…
Systematically dismantled classical cinema conventions and narrative structures to expose and refute traditional filmmaking aesthetics.
Luis Buñuel SpainUsed surrealism and absurdism to refute bourgeois rationality, religious doctrine, and social conventions through provocative imagery and narrative disruption.
Pier Paolo Pasolini ItalyConfronted and refuted Marxist ideology, Catholic morality, and consumer culture through formally complex films that challenged both aesthetic and political certainties.