border smuggling

His films like 'Sicario' and 'Enemy' intricately explore the moral complexities and physical/psychological borders created by drug trafficking and human smuggling.

Works such as 'Babel' and 'Biutiful' examine migration, border crossings, and the human cost of illicit trade with unflinching realism.

His socially conscious films like 'I, Daniel Blake' and documentaries expose systemic vulnerabilities that drive people toward human smuggling and illegal borders.