consequences of idleness

His films explore spiritual emptiness and the paralysis of human consciousness through extended meditative sequences that examine what happens when people disconnect from purposeful action.

He meticulously documented the ennui and alienation of modern life, particularly how idleness and lack of direction lead to emotional decay and fractured relationships in works like L'Avventura.

Her films, especially Nomadland and The Eternal Memory, examine how idleness, displacement, and lack of societal structure force characters to confront their mortality and search for meaning.