cowardice

His masterpiece 'Rashomon' and 'Ikiru' penetrate the psychology of human cowardice, moral compromise, and the masks people wear to avoid confronting uncomfortable truths.

Through films like 'The Seventh Seal' and 'Persona,' Bergman examines existential cowardice and the human inability to face death, authenticity, and spiritual emptiness.

His films, particularly 'Jules and Jim' and 'The 400 Blows,' explore the cowardice of emotional avoidance, infidelity, and the failure of adults to take responsibility for their choices.