disease and stigma

His films like 'Requiem for a Dream' and 'The Fountain' explore physical and psychological deterioration, addiction, and bodily transformation with unflinching intensity.

He confronts illness, trauma, and social ostracism head-on in films like 'Dancer in the Dark' and 'Antichrist,' examining how suffering isolates individuals from society.

His socially conscious films like 'I, Daniel Blake' expose how poverty and institutional neglect compound the stigma faced by vulnerable and ill populations.