drug addiction and recovery

His films like 'Requiem for a Dream' and 'The Fountain' explore addiction, obsession, and human suffering through visceral, psychologically intense narratives.

His breakthrough film 'Trainspotting' and its sequel provide unflinching, darkly comedic portrayals of heroin addiction and the struggle for recovery in modern society.

His films 'Drugstore Cowboy' and 'My Own Private Idaho' examine addiction, street life, and redemption with empathy and poetic realism.