existential guilt

His films like 'The Seventh Seal' and 'Winter Light' obsessively examine moral culpability, divine judgment, and the psychological weight of conscience.

His works such as 'L'Avventura' and 'Blow-Up' explore existential alienation and the guilt arising from moral ambiguity in contemporary life.

Films like 'Stalker' and 'The Mirror' probe the burden of responsibility, spiritual guilt, and the search for meaning in an indifferent universe.