loss and sacrifice

His philosophical films like *Stalker* and *Mirror* meditate on spiritual sacrifice and the profound costs of human desire and memory.

His stark psychological dramas (*The Seventh Seal*, *Persona*) explore existential loss, grief, and the sacrifices required for love and faith.

His poetic films (*The Thin Red Line*, *The Tree of Life*) examine loss, mortality, and redemption through beauty, war, and spiritual questioning.