monotheism vs polytheism

His masterpieces like *Ordet* and *The Passion of Joan of Arc* explore the tension between individual faith and institutional religious authority, questioning monotheistic dogma through intimate spiritual crises.

His films examine the conflict between Christian monotheism and pagan polytheistic traditions, particularly in *The Gospel According to St. Matthew* and *Canterbury Tales*, blending sacred and profane worldviews.

His philosophical films like *The Tree of Life* and *A Hidden Life* wrestle with monotheistic transcendence versus the multiplicity of natural forces and human experience, questioning singular divine authority.