parental neglect

His films like 'Nobody Knows' and 'Shoplifters' poignantly explore abandonment and the survival strategies of children left to fend for themselves.

Through social realist works like 'I, Daniel Blake' and 'Kes,' he examines how systemic failure and parental absence devastate vulnerable children.

Her films 'You Were Never Really Here' and 'We Need to Talk About Kevin' unflinchingly depict the psychological consequences of parental neglect and emotional dysfunction.