post-war poverty

His neorealist masterpieces like 'Bicycle Thieves' and 'Umberto D.' capture the dignity and desperation of ordinary people struggling with poverty in post-war Italy.

His socially conscious films like 'Kes' and 'I, Daniel Blake' unflinchingly expose the systemic poverty and economic hardship facing working-class British families.

His films including 'A Generation' and 'Kanal' document the physical and moral devastation of post-war Poland, portraying how ordinary citizens endure poverty and loss.