His surrealist films systematically deconstructed Catholic dogma and clerical hypocrisy through darkly comedic and provocative imagery.
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Pier Paolo Pasolini·Italy
His work challenged religious institutions and sexual repression, using religious symbolism to expose the violence embedded in spiritual and political authority.
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Carl Theodor Dreyer·Denmark
His austere, philosophical films examined faith, martyrdom, and institutional persecution, particularly in *The Passion of Joan of Arc* and *Vampyr*.