resurrection and second chances

His films like 'The Wrestler' and 'Black Swan' are obsessed with protagonists attempting to reclaim lost glory and reinvent themselves despite inevitable decay.

His work consistently explores redemption and second chances through deeply humanistic stories, notably in 'After Life' and 'Shoplifters' where broken people find renewal through connection.

His films like 'Close-Up' and 'Taste of Cherry' meditate on resurrection, moral redemption, and the possibility of transformation through encounters with others.