self-harm

His films like 'Antichrist' and 'Dancer in the Dark' unflinchingly explore psychological and physical self-destruction as manifestations of grief, despair, and moral collapse.

Works such as 'Black Swan' and 'Requiem for a Dream' depict obsessive self-harm driven by perfectionism, addiction, and psychological fragmentation through visceral imagery.

Films like 'Irréversible' and 'Enter the Void' present brutal self-destruction and trauma through non-linear narratives that immerse viewers in cycles of pain and consequence.