sleep deprivation

His films like 'Fight Club' and 'The Game' obsessively explore psychological deterioration and altered consciousness resulting from sleep deprivation and mental fragmentation.

He creates visceral explorations of obsession and mental unraveling through sleep deprivation in works like 'The Machinist' and 'Black Swan,' using disorienting cinematography to mirror exhaustion.

His experimental, deliberately exhausting films like 'Irréversible' and 'Enter the Void' use punishing visual and narrative techniques that induce viewer disorientation mimicking sleep-deprived states.