supernatural debt

His films like 'Pan's Labyrinth' and 'The Shape of Water' explore how characters are bound by supernatural obligations and debts to otherworldly forces that demand payment across moral and temporal boundaries.

In 'Hereditary' and 'Midsommar', he examines how families inherit supernatural debts and curses through bloodlines, where characters must satisfy malevolent entities' demands regardless of their consent.

His horror works, particularly in films like 'Audition' and various supernatural thrillers, depict how characters accumulate spiritual debts through transgression that manifest as inescapable supernatural consequences.