trauma and suffering

His films like 'Irréversible' and 'Climax' unflinchingly depict human suffering and trauma through visceral, non-linear narratives that force viewers to confront unbearable moments.

He explores psychological trauma and emotional devastation across his filmography, particularly in 'Antichrist,' 'Melancholia,' and 'Breaking the Waves,' where suffering becomes both subject and aesthetic.

His films like 'Killing of a Sacred Deer' and 'The Favourite' examine psychological torment and relational trauma through unsettling narratives that reveal how suffering corrupts human connection.