loyalty vs. duty

His samurai films like 'Harakiri' and 'Seven Samurai' explore the tension between personal loyalty to leaders and moral duty to justice and humanity.

His historical dramas examine how individuals navigate loyalty to family, state, and personal conscience across Taiwan's complex political transitions.

His philosophical films like 'Stalker' and 'Mirror' probe the conflict between loyalty to ideology, duty to others, and individual spiritual truth.