spiral of violence

His films like *Se7en* and *Zodiac* meticulously depict how violence perpetuates itself through obsession and revenge, trapping both perpetrators and investigators in cycles of brutality.

*Oldboy* and *The Handmaiden* are masterclasses in how violence begets violence, with characters caught in escalating revenge spirals that consume everyone involved.

His films *Funny Games* and *Cache* unflinchingly examine how violence emerges from social systems and psychological patterns, questioning the viewer's complicity in the spiral.