widowhood

His films like 'After Life' and 'Still Walking' explore grief, loss, and the emotional landscapes of those left behind with profound tenderness and philosophical depth.

His socially conscious cinema frequently examines the economic and emotional struggles of widows in working-class communities, particularly in films like 'I, Daniel Blake'.

She intimately documented her own experience of widowhood and loss in late-career works like 'Vagabond' and 'The Gleaners and I,' blending personal reflection with social observation.