land development corruption

His films like 'A City of Sadness' and 'The Assassin' explore how modernization and land development destroy traditional communities and personal connections in Taiwan.

His works including 'Still Life' and 'A Touch of Sin' directly document the human cost of rapid urban development, displacement, and corruption in contemporary China.

Films like 'Babel' and his earlier Mexican works examine corruption, inequality, and the moral degradation accompanying urban expansion and development.